Fiscal decentralization and equalization are important tools to empower local government agencies in terms of financial autonomy and capacity building. The Ministry of Finance of Croatia adopted a fiscal equalization formula in 2018 with the […]
Semi-Autonomous Revenue Authorities (SARAs) are, according to the African Tax Administration Forum, “semi‐independent administrative bodies outside the traditional government hierarchy in which all revenue administration is consolidated into one administrative entity.” Unlike traditional central government […]
Cities are evolving quickly in the 21st century. City leaders are facing struggles that they have never faced before, including the impacts of climate change, migration, security, and a more fragile global economy. Effective city […]
In OECD countries, local governments not only play an essential role in public services provision, but also represent 41% of general government public investment. This is the focus of a recent OECD study. The function […]
The Viet Nam Provincial Governance and Public Administration Performance Index (PAPI) is a policy monitoring tool developed by the United Nations Development Program (UNDP) to promote public administration efficiency, reduce corruption, and better identify and […]
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